278 lines
9.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
278 lines
9.4 KiB
ReStructuredText
Production
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**********
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There are several steps needed to make Lemur production ready. Here we focus on making Lemur more reliable and secure.
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Basics
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======
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Because of the sensitivity of the information stored and maintain by Lemur it is important that you follow standard host hardening practices:
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- Run Lemur with a limited user
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- Disabled any unneeded service
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- Enable remote logging
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.. _CredentialManagement:
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Credential Management
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---------------------
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Lemur often contains credentials such as mutual SSL keys that are used to communicate with third party resources and for encrypting stored secrets. Lemur comes with the ability
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to automatically encrypt these keys such that your keys not be in clear text.
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The keys are located within lemur/keys and broken down by environment
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To utilize this ability use the following commands:
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``lemur lock``
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and
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``lemur unlock``
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If you choose to use this feature ensure that the KEY are decrypted before Lemur starts as it will have trouble communicating with the database otherwise.
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SSL
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====
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Nginx
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-----
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Nginx is a very popular choice to serve a Python project:
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- It's fast.
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- It's lightweight.
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- Configuration files are simple.
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Nginx doesn't run any Python process, it only serves requests from outside to
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the Python server.
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Therefor there are two steps:
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- Run the Python process.
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- Run Nginx.
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You will benefit from having:
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- the possibility to have several projects listening to the port 80;
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- your web site processes won't run with admin rights, even if --user doesn't
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work on your OS;
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- the ability to manage a Python process without touching Nginx or the other
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processes. It's very handy for updates.
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You must create a Nginx configuration file for Lemur. On GNU/Linux, they usually
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go into /etc/nginx/conf.d/. Name it lemur.conf.
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The minimal configuration file to run the site is::
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name www.yourwebsite.com;
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:5000;
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}
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}
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`proxy_pass` just passes the external request to the Python process.
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The port much match the one used by the 0bin process of course.
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You can make some adjustments to get a better user experience::
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server_tokens off;
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add_header X-Frame-Options DENY;
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add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
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add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
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server {
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listen 80;
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return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
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}
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server {
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listen 443;
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access_log /var/log/nginx/log/lemur.access.log;
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error_log /var/log/nginx/log/lemur.error.log;
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location /api {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:5000;
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proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
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proxy_redirect off;
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proxy_buffering off;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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}
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location / {
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root /apps/lemur/lemur/static/dist;
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index index.html;
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}
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}
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This makes Nginx serve the favicon and static files which is is much better at than python.
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It is highly recommended that you deploy SSL when deploying Lemur. This may be obvious given Lemur's purpose but the
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sensitive nature of Lemur and what it controls makes this essential. This is a sample config for Lemur that also terminates SSL::
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server_tokens off;
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add_header X-Frame-Options DENY;
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add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
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add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
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server {
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listen 80;
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return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
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}
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server {
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listen 443;
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access_log /var/log/nginx/log/lemur.access.log;
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error_log /var/log/nginx/log/lemur.error.log;
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# certs sent to the client in SERVER HELLO are concatenated in ssl_certificate
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ssl_certificate /path/to/signed_cert_plus_intermediates;
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ssl_certificate_key /path/to/private_key;
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ssl_session_timeout 1d;
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ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
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# Diffie-Hellman parameter for DHE ciphersuites, recommended 2048 bits
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ssl_dhparam /path/to/dhparam.pem;
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# modern configuration. tweak to your needs.
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ssl_protocols TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
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ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!3DES:!MD5:!PSK';
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ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
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# HSTS (ngx_http_headers_module is required) (15768000 seconds = 6 months)
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add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;
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# OCSP Stapling ---
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# fetch OCSP records from URL in ssl_certificate and cache them
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ssl_stapling on;
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ssl_stapling_verify on;
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## verify chain of trust of OCSP response using Root CA and Intermediate certs
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ssl_trusted_certificate /path/to/root_CA_cert_plus_intermediates;
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resolver <IP DNS resolver>;
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location /api {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:5000;
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proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
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proxy_redirect off;
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proxy_buffering off;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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}
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location / {
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root /apps/lemur/lemur/static/dist;
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index index.html;
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}
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}
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Apache
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------
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An example apache config::
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<VirtualHost *:443>
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...
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SSLEngine on
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SSLCertificateFile /path/to/signed_certificate
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SSLCertificateChainFile /path/to/intermediate_certificate
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SSLCertificateKeyFile /path/to/private/key
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SSLCACertificateFile /path/to/all_ca_certs
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# intermediate configuration, tweak to your needs
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SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
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SSLCipherSuite ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA
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SSLHonorCipherOrder on
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# HSTS (mod_headers is required) (15768000 seconds = 6 months)
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Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000"
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...
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</VirtualHost>
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Also included in the configurations above are several best practices when it comes to deploying SSL. Things like enabling
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HSTS, disabling vulnerable ciphers are all good ideas when it comes to deploying Lemur into a production environment.
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.. seealso::
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`Mozilla SSL Configuration Generator <https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/>`_
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.. _UsingSupervisor:
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Supervisor
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==========
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Supervisor is a very nice way to manage you Python processes. We won't cover
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the setup (which is just apt-get install supervisor or pip install supervisor
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most of the time), but here is a quick overview on how to use it.
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Create a configuration file named supervisor.ini::
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[unix_http_server]
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file=/tmp/supervisor.sock;
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[supervisorctl]
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serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock;
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[rpcinterface:supervisor]
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supervisor.rpcinterface_factory=supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface
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[supervisord]
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logfile=/tmp/lemur.log
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logfile_maxbytes=50MB
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logfile_backups=2
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loglevel=trace
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pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid
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nodaemon=false
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minfds=1024
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minprocs=200
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user=lemur
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[program:lemur]
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command=python /path/to/lemur/manage.py manage.py start
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directory=/path/to/lemur/
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environment=PYTHONPATH='/path/to/lemur/'
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user=lemur
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autostart=true
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autorestart=true
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The 4 first entries are just boiler plate to get you started, you can copy
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them verbatim.
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The last one define one (you can have many) process supervisor should manage.
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It means it will run the command::
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python manage.py start
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In the directory, with the environment and the user you defined.
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This command will be ran as a daemon, in the background.
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`autostart` and `autorestart` just make it fire and forget: the site will always be
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running, even it crashes temporarily or if you restart the machine.
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The first time you run supervisor, pass it the configuration file::
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supervisord -c /path/to/supervisor.ini
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Then you can manage the process by running::
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supervisorctl -c /path/to/supervisor.ini
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It will start a shell from were you can start/stop/restart the service
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You can read all errors that might occurs from /tmp/lemur.log.
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