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* Previously: Typhoon provisions clusters with kube-system components
like CoreDNS, kube-proxy, and a chosen CNI provider (among flannel,
Calico, or Cilium) pre-installed. This is convenient since clusters
come with "batteries included". But it also means upgrading these
components is generally done in lock-step, by upgrading to a new
Typhoon / Kubernetes release
* It can be valuable to manage these components with a separate
plan/apply process or through automations and deploy systems. For
example, this allows managing CoreDNS separately from the cluster's
lifecycle.
* These "components" will continue to be pre-installed by default,
but a new `components` variable allows them to be disabled and
managed as "addons", components you apply after cluster creation
and manage on a rolling basis. For some of these, we may provide
Terraform modules to aide in managing these components.
```
module "cluster" {
# defaults
components = {
enable = true
coredns = {
enable = true
}
kube_proxy = {
enable = true
}
# Only the CNI set in var.networking will be installed
flannel = {
enable = true
}
calico = {
enable = true
}
cilium = {
enable = true
}
}
}
```
An earlier variable `install_container_networking = true/false` has
been removed, since it can now be achieved with this more extensible
and general components mechanism by setting the chosen networking
provider enable field to false.
234 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
234 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
# Google Cloud
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In this tutorial, we'll create a Kubernetes v1.30.1 cluster on Google Compute Engine with Flatcar Linux.
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We'll declare a Kubernetes cluster using the Typhoon Terraform module. Then apply the changes to create a network, firewall rules, health checks, controller instances, worker managed instance group, load balancers, and TLS assets.
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Controller hosts are provisioned to run an `etcd-member` peer and a `kubelet` service. Worker hosts run a `kubelet` service. Controller nodes run `kube-apiserver`, `kube-scheduler`, `kube-controller-manager`, and `coredns`, while `kube-proxy` and (`flannel`, `calico`, or `cilium`) run on every node. A generated `kubeconfig` provides `kubectl` access to the cluster.
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## Requirements
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* Google Cloud Account and Service Account
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* Google Cloud DNS Zone (registered Domain Name or delegated subdomain)
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* Terraform v0.13.0+
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## Terraform Setup
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Install [Terraform](https://www.terraform.io/downloads.html) v0.13.0+ on your system.
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```sh
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$ terraform version
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Terraform v1.0.0
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```
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Read [concepts](/architecture/concepts/) to learn about Terraform, modules, and organizing resources. Change to your infrastructure repository (e.g. `infra`).
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```
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cd infra/clusters
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```
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## Provider
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Login to your Google Console [API Manager](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/dashboard) and select a project, or [signup](https://cloud.google.com/free/) if you don't have an account.
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Select "Credentials" and create a service account key. Choose the "Compute Engine Admin" and "DNS Administrator" roles and save the JSON private key to a file that can be referenced in configs.
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```sh
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mv ~/Downloads/project-id-43048204.json ~/.config/google-cloud/terraform.json
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```
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Configure the Google Cloud provider to use your service account key, project-id, and region in a `providers.tf` file.
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```tf
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provider "google" {
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project = "project-id"
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region = "us-central1"
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credentials = file("~/.config/google-cloud/terraform.json")
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}
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provider "ct" {}
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terraform {
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required_providers {
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ct = {
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source = "poseidon/ct"
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version = "0.11.0"
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}
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google = {
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source = "hashicorp/google"
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version = "4.59.0"
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}
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}
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}
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```
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Additional configuration options are described in the `google` provider [docs](https://www.terraform.io/docs/providers/google/index.html).
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!!! tip
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Regions are listed in [docs](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/regions-zones/regions-zones) or with `gcloud compute regions list`. A project may contain multiple clusters across different regions.
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## Cluster
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Define a Kubernetes cluster using the module `google-cloud/flatcar-linux/kubernetes`.
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```tf
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module "yavin" {
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source = "git::https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon//google-cloud/flatcar-linux/kubernetes?ref=v1.30.1"
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# Google Cloud
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cluster_name = "yavin"
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region = "us-central1"
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dns_zone = "example.com"
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dns_zone_name = "example-zone"
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# configuration
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ssh_authorized_key = "ssh-rsa AAAAB3Nz..."
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# optional
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worker_count = 2
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}
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```
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Reference the [variables docs](#variables) or the [variables.tf](https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon/blob/master/google-cloud/flatcar-linux/kubernetes/variables.tf) source.
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## ssh-agent
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Initial bootstrapping requires `bootstrap.service` be started on one controller node. Terraform uses `ssh-agent` to automate this step. Add your SSH private key to `ssh-agent`.
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```sh
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ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
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ssh-add -L
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```
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## Apply
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Initialize the config directory if this is the first use with Terraform.
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```sh
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terraform init
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```
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Plan the resources to be created.
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```sh
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$ terraform plan
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Plan: 78 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
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```
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Apply the changes to create the cluster.
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```sh
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$ terraform apply
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module.yavin.null_resource.bootstrap: Still creating... (10s elapsed)
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...
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module.yavin.null_resource.bootstrap: Still creating... (5m30s elapsed)
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module.yavin.null_resource.bootstrap: Still creating... (5m40s elapsed)
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module.yavin.null_resource.bootstrap: Creation complete (ID: 5768638456220583358)
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Apply complete! Resources: 78 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.
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```
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In 4-8 minutes, the Kubernetes cluster will be ready.
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## Verify
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[Install kubectl](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/) on your system. Obtain the generated cluster `kubeconfig` from module outputs (e.g. write to a local file).
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```
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resource "local_file" "kubeconfig-yavin" {
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content = module.yavin.kubeconfig-admin
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filename = "/home/user/.kube/configs/yavin-config"
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}
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```
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List nodes in the cluster.
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```
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$ export KUBECONFIG=/home/user/.kube/configs/yavin-config
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$ kubectl get nodes
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NAME ROLES STATUS AGE VERSION
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yavin-controller-0.c.example-com.internal <none> Ready 6m v1.30.1
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yavin-worker-jrbf.c.example-com.internal <none> Ready 5m v1.30.1
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yavin-worker-mzdm.c.example-com.internal <none> Ready 5m v1.30.1
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```
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List the pods.
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```
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$ kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
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NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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kube-system calico-node-1cs8z 2/2 Running 0 6m
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kube-system calico-node-d1l5b 2/2 Running 0 6m
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kube-system calico-node-sp9ps 2/2 Running 0 6m
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kube-system coredns-1187388186-dkh3o 1/1 Running 0 6m
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kube-system coredns-1187388186-zj5dl 1/1 Running 0 6m
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kube-system kube-apiserver-controller-0 1/1 Running 0 6m
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kube-system kube-controller-manager-controller-0 1/1 Running 0 6m
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kube-system kube-proxy-117v6 1/1 Running 0 6m
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kube-system kube-proxy-9886n 1/1 Running 0 6m
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kube-system kube-proxy-njn47 1/1 Running 0 6m
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kube-system kube-scheduler-controller-0 1/1 Running 0 6m
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```
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## Going Further
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Learn about [maintenance](/topics/maintenance/) and [addons](/addons/overview/).
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## Variables
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Check the [variables.tf](https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon/blob/master/google-cloud/flatcar-linux/kubernetes/variables.tf) source.
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### Required
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| Name | Description | Example |
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|:-----|:------------|:--------|
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| cluster_name | Unique cluster name (prepended to dns_zone) | "yavin" |
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| region | Google Cloud region | "us-central1" |
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| dns_zone | Google Cloud DNS zone | "google-cloud.example.com" |
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| dns_zone_name | Google Cloud DNS zone name | "example-zone" |
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| ssh_authorized_key | SSH public key for user 'core' | "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NZ..." |
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Check the list of valid [regions](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/regions-zones/regions-zones) and list Container Linux [images](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images) with `gcloud compute images list | grep coreos`.
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#### DNS Zone
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Clusters create a DNS A record `${cluster_name}.${dns_zone}` to resolve a TCP proxy load balancer backed by controller instances. This FQDN is used by workers and `kubectl` to access the apiserver(s). In this example, the cluster's apiserver would be accessible at `yavin.google-cloud.example.com`.
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You'll need a registered domain name or delegated subdomain on Google Cloud DNS. You can set this up once and create many clusters with unique names.
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```tf
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resource "google_dns_managed_zone" "zone-for-clusters" {
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dns_name = "google-cloud.example.com."
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name = "example-zone"
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description = "Production DNS zone"
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}
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```
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!!! tip ""
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If you have an existing domain name with a zone file elsewhere, just delegate a subdomain that can be managed on Google Cloud (e.g. google-cloud.mydomain.com) and [update nameservers](https://cloud.google.com/dns/update-name-servers).
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### Optional
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| Name | Description | Default | Example |
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| controller_count | Number of controllers (i.e. masters) | 1 | 3 |
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| worker_count | Number of workers | 1 | 3 |
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| controller_type | Machine type for controllers | "n1-standard-1" | See below |
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| worker_type | Machine type for workers | "n1-standard-1" | See below |
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| os_image | Flatcar Linux image for compute instances | "flatcar-stable" | flatcar-stable, flatcar-beta, flatcar-alpha |
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| disk_size | Size of the disk in GB | 30 | 100 |
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| worker_preemptible | If enabled, Compute Engine will terminate workers randomly within 24 hours | false | true |
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| controller_snippets | Controller Container Linux Config snippets | [] | [example](/advanced/customization/) |
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| worker_snippets | Worker Container Linux Config snippets | [] | [example](/advanced/customization/) |
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| networking | Choice of networking provider | "cilium" | "calico" or "cilium" or "flannel" |
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| pod_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to Kubernetes pods | "10.2.0.0/16" | "10.22.0.0/16" |
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| service_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to Kubernetes services | "10.3.0.0/16" | "10.3.0.0/24" |
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| worker_node_labels | List of initial worker node labels | [] | ["worker-pool=default"] |
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Check the list of valid [machine types](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types).
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#### Preemption
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Add `worker_preemptible = "true"` to allow worker nodes to be [preempted](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/preemptible) at random, but pay [significantly](https://cloud.google.com/compute/pricing) less. Clusters tolerate stopping instances fairly well (reschedules pods, but cannot drain) and preemption provides a nice reward for running fault-tolerant cluster systems.`
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