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Add docs for Fedora CoreOS AWS and bare-metal

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Dalton Hubble 2019-07-17 23:52:34 -07:00
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@ -29,6 +29,13 @@ Typhoon provides a Terraform Module for each supported operating system and plat
| Digital Ocean | Container Linux | [digital-ocean/container-linux/kubernetes](digital-ocean/container-linux/kubernetes) | beta |
| Google Cloud | Container Linux | [google-cloud/container-linux/kubernetes](google-cloud/container-linux/kubernetes) | stable |
A preview of Typhoon for [Fedora CoreOS](https://getfedora.org/coreos/) is available for testing.
| Platform | Operating System | Terraform Module | Status |
|---------------|------------------|------------------|--------|
| AWS | Fedora CoreOS | [aws/fedora-coreos/kubernetes](aws/fedora-coreos/kubernetes) | preview |
| Bare-Metal | Fedora CoreOS | [bare-metal/fedora-coreos/kubernetes](bare-metal/fedora-coreos/kubernetes) | preview |
## Documentation
* [Docs](https://typhoon.psdn.io)

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@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ Typhoon distributes upstream Kubernetes, architectural conventions, and cluster
## Docs
Please see the [official docs](https://typhoon.psdn.io) and the AWS [tutorial](https://typhoon.psdn.io/cl/aws/).
Please see the [official docs](https://typhoon.psdn.io) and the AWS [tutorial](https://typhoon.psdn.io/fedora-coreos/aws/).

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The MIT License (MIT)
Copyright (c) 2017 Typhoon Authors
Copyright (c) 2017 Dalton Hubble
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.

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# Typhoon <img align="right" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/poseidon/typhoon-logo.png">
Typhoon is a minimal and free Kubernetes distribution.
* Minimal, stable base Kubernetes distribution
* Declarative infrastructure and configuration
* Free (freedom and cost) and privacy-respecting
* Practical for labs, datacenters, and clouds
Typhoon distributes upstream Kubernetes, architectural conventions, and cluster addons, much like a GNU/Linux distribution provides the Linux kernel and userspace components.
## Features <a href="https://www.cncf.io/certification/software-conformance/"><img align="right" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/poseidon/certified-kubernetes.png"></a>
* Kubernetes v1.15.0 (upstream, via [kubernetes-incubator/bootkube](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/bootkube))
* Single or multi-master, [Calico](https://www.projectcalico.org/) or [flannel](https://github.com/coreos/flannel) networking
* On-cluster etcd with TLS, [RBAC](https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/authorization/rbac/)-enabled, [network policy](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/network-policies/)
* Advanced features like [snippets](https://typhoon.psdn.io/advanced/customization/#container-linux) customization
* Ready for Ingress, Prometheus, Grafana, and other optional [addons](https://typhoon.psdn.io/addons/overview/)
## Docs
Please see the [official docs](https://typhoon.psdn.io) and the bare-metal [tutorial](https://typhoon.psdn.io/fedora-coreos/bare-metal/).

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# Operating Systems
Typhoon supports [Container Linux](https://coreos.com/why/) and Fedora [Atomic](https://www.projectatomic.io/) 28 (deprecated). These two operating systems were chosen because they offer:
Typhoon supports [Container Linux](https://coreos.com/why/), [Flatcar Linux](https://www.flatcar-linux.org/) and [Fedora CoreOS](https://getfedora.org/coreos/) (preview). These operating systems were chosen because they offer:
* Minimalism and focus on clustered operation
* Automated and atomic operating system upgrades
@ -10,18 +10,19 @@ Typhoon supports [Container Linux](https://coreos.com/why/) and Fedora [Atomic](
Together, they diversify Typhoon to support a range of container technologies.
* Container Linux: Gentoo core, rkt-fly, docker
* Fedora Atomic: RHEL core, rpm-ostree, system containers (i.e. runc), CRI-O (future)
* Fedora CoreOS: rpm-ostree, podman, moby
## Host Properties
| Property | Container Linux / Flatcar Linux | Fedora Atomic |
| Property | Container Linux / Flatcar Linux | Fedora CoreOS |
|-------------------|---------------------------------|---------------|
| host spec (bare-metal) | Container Linux Config | kickstart, cloud-init |
| host spec (cloud) | Container Linux Config | cloud-init |
| container runtime | docker | docker (CRIO planned) |
| cgroup driver | cgroupfs (except Flatcar edge) | systemd |
| logging driver | json-file | journald |
| Ignition system | Ignition v2.x spec | Ignition v3.x spec |
| Container Engine | docker | docker |
| storage driver | overlay2 | overlay2 |
| logging driver | json-file | journald |
| cgroup driver | cgroupfs (except Flatcar edge) | systemd |
| Networking | systemd-networkd | NetworkManager |
| Username | core | core |
## Kubernetes Properties
@ -32,10 +33,10 @@ Together, they diversify Typhoon to support a range of container technologies.
| control plane | self-hosted | self-hosted |
| kubelet image | upstream hyperkube | upstream hyperkube via [system container](https://github.com/poseidon/system-containers) |
| control plane images | upstream hyperkube | upstream hyperkube |
| on-host etcd | rkt-fly | system container (runc) |
| on-host kubelet | rkt-fly | system container (runc) |
| on-host etcd | rkt-fly | podman |
| on-host kubelet | rkt-fly | podman |
| CNI plugins | calico or flannel | calico or flannel |
| coordinated drain & OS update | [CLUO](https://github.com/coreos/container-linux-update-operator) addon | manual (planned) |
| coordinated drain & OS update | [CLUO](https://github.com/coreos/container-linux-update-operator) addon | (planned) |
## Directory Locations
@ -47,43 +48,3 @@ Typhoon conventional directories.
| pod-manifest-path | /etc/kubernetes/manifests |
| volume-plugin-dir | /var/lib/kubelet/volumeplugins |
## Kubelet Mounts
### Container Linux
| Mount location | Host location | Options |
|-------------------|-------------------|---------|
| /etc/kubernetes | /etc/kubernetes | ro |
| /etc/ssl/certs | /etc/ssl/certs | ro |
| /usr/share/ca-certificates | /usr/share/ca-certificates | ro |
| /var/lib/kubelet | /var/lib/kubelet | recursive |
| /var/lib/docker | /var/lib/docker | |
| /var/lib/cni | /var/lib/cni | |
| /var/lib/calico | /var/lib/calico | |
| /var/log | /var/log | |
| /etc/os-release | /usr/lib/os-release | ro |
| /run | /run | |
| /lib/modules | /lib/modules | ro |
| /etc/resolv.conf | /etc/resolv.conf | |
| /opt/cni/bin | /opt/cni/bin | |
### Fedora Atomic
| Mount location | Host location | Options |
|--------------------|------------------|---------|
| /rootfs | / | ro |
| /etc/kubernetes | /etc/kubernetes | ro |
| /etc/ssl/certs | /etc/ssl/certs | ro |
| /etc/pki/tls/certs | /usr/share/ca-certificates | ro |
| /var/lib | /var/lib | |
| /var/lib/kubelet | /var/lib/kubelet | recursive |
| /var/log | /var/log | ro |
| /etc/os-release | /etc/os-release | ro |
| /var/run/secrets | /var/run/secrets | |
| /run | /run | |
| /lib/modules | /lib/modules | ro |
| /etc/hosts | /etc/hosts | ro |
| /etc/resolv.conf | /etc/resolv.conf | ro |
| /opt/cni/bin | /opt/cni/bin (changing in future) | |

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# AWS
!!! danger
Typhoon for Fedora CoreOS is an early preview! Fedora CoreOS itself is a preview! Expect bugs and design shifts. Please help both projects solve problems. Report Fedora CoreOS bugs to [Fedora](https://github.com/coreos/fedora-coreos-tracker/issues). Report Typhoon issues to Typhoon.
In this tutorial, we'll create a Kubernetes v1.15.0 cluster on AWS with Fedora CoreOS.
We'll declare a Kubernetes cluster using the Typhoon Terraform module. Then apply the changes to create a VPC, gateway, subnets, security groups, controller instances, worker auto-scaling group, network load balancer, and TLS assets.
Controllers are provisioned to run an `etcd-member` peer and a `kubelet` service. Workers run just a `kubelet` service. A one-time [bootkube](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/bootkube) bootstrap schedules the `apiserver`, `scheduler`, `controller-manager`, and `coredns` on controllers and schedules `kube-proxy` and `calico` (or `flannel`) on every node. A generated `kubeconfig` provides `kubectl` access to the cluster.
## Requirements
* AWS Account and IAM credentials
* AWS Route53 DNS Zone (registered Domain Name or delegated subdomain)
* Terraform v0.12.x and [terraform-provider-ct](https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-ct) installed locally
## Terraform Setup
Install [Terraform](https://www.terraform.io/downloads.html) v0.12.x on your system.
```sh
$ terraform version
Terraform v0.12.2
```
Add the [terraform-provider-ct](https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-ct) plugin binary for your system to `~/.terraform.d/plugins/`, noting the final name.
```sh
wget https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-ct/releases/download/v0.4.0/terraform-provider-ct-v0.4.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xzf terraform-provider-ct-v0.4.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv terraform-provider-ct-v0.4.0-linux-amd64/terraform-provider-ct ~/.terraform.d/plugins/terraform-provider-ct_v0.4.0
```
Read [concepts](/architecture/concepts/) to learn about Terraform, modules, and organizing resources. Change to your infrastructure repository (e.g. `infra`).
```
cd infra/clusters
```
## Provider
Login to your AWS IAM dashboard and find your IAM user. Select "Security Credentials" and create an access key. Save the id and secret to a file that can be referenced in configs.
```
[default]
aws_access_key_id = xxx
aws_secret_access_key = yyy
```
Configure the AWS provider to use your access key credentials in a `providers.tf` file.
```tf
provider "aws" {
version = "2.19.0"
region = "us-east-1" # MUST be us-east-1 right now!
shared_credentials_file = "/home/user/.config/aws/credentials"
}
provider "ct" {
version = "0.4.0"
}
```
Additional configuration options are described in the `aws` provider [docs](https://www.terraform.io/docs/providers/aws/).
!!! tip
Regions are listed in [docs](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/rande.html#ec2_region) or with `aws ec2 describe-regions`.
## Cluster
Define a Kubernetes cluster using the module `aws/fedora-coreos/kubernetes`.
```tf
module "aws-tempest" {
source = "git::https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon//aws/fedora-coreos/kubernetes?ref=DEVELOPMENT_SHA"
# AWS
cluster_name = "tempest"
dns_zone = "aws.example.com"
dns_zone_id = "Z3PAABBCFAKEC0"
# configuration
ssh_authorized_key = "ssh-rsa AAAAB3Nz..."
asset_dir = "/home/user/.secrets/clusters/tempest"
# optional
worker_count = 2
worker_type = "t3.small"
}
```
Reference the [variables docs](#variables) or the [variables.tf](https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon/blob/master/aws/fedora-coreos/kubernetes/variables.tf) source.
## ssh-agent
Initial bootstrapping requires `bootkube.service` be started on one controller node. Terraform uses `ssh-agent` to automate this step. Add your SSH private key to `ssh-agent`.
```sh
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
ssh-add -L
```
## Apply
Initialize the config directory if this is the first use with Terraform.
```sh
terraform init
```
Plan the resources to be created.
```sh
$ terraform plan
Plan: 98 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
```
Apply the changes to create the cluster.
```sh
$ terraform apply
...
module.aws-tempest.null_resource.bootkube-start: Still creating... (4m50s elapsed)
module.aws-tempest.null_resource.bootkube-start: Still creating... (5m0s elapsed)
module.aws-tempest.null_resource.bootkube-start: Creation complete after 11m8s (ID: 3961816482286168143)
Apply complete! Resources: 98 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.
```
In 4-8 minutes, the Kubernetes cluster will be ready.
## Verify
[Install kubectl](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/) on your system. Use the generated `kubeconfig` credentials to access the Kubernetes cluster and list nodes.
```
$ export KUBECONFIG=/home/user/.secrets/clusters/tempest/auth/kubeconfig
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
ip-10-0-3-155 Ready controller,master 10m v1.15.0
ip-10-0-26-65 Ready node 10m v1.15.0
ip-10-0-41-21 Ready node 10m v1.15.0
```
List the pods.
```
$ kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system calico-node-1m5bf 2/2 Running 0 34m
kube-system calico-node-7jmr1 2/2 Running 0 34m
kube-system calico-node-bknc8 2/2 Running 0 34m
kube-system coredns-1187388186-wx1lg 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system coredns-1187388186-qjnvp 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system kube-apiserver-4mjbk 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-3597210155-j2jbt 1/1 Running 1 34m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-3597210155-j7g7x 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system kube-proxy-14wxv 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system kube-proxy-9vxh2 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system kube-proxy-sbbsh 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system kube-scheduler-3359497473-5plhf 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system kube-scheduler-3359497473-r7zg7 1/1 Running 1 34m
kube-system pod-checkpointer-4kxtl 1/1 Running 0 34m
kube-system pod-checkpointer-4kxtl-ip-10-0-3-155 1/1 Running 0 33m
```
## Going Further
Learn about [maintenance](/topics/maintenance/) and [addons](/addons/overview/).
## Variables
Check the [variables.tf](https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon/blob/master/aws/fedora-coreos/kubernetes/variables.tf) source.
### Required
| Name | Description | Example |
|:-----|:------------|:--------|
| cluster_name | Unique cluster name (prepended to dns_zone) | "tempest" |
| dns_zone | AWS Route53 DNS zone | "aws.example.com" |
| dns_zone_id | AWS Route53 DNS zone id | "Z3PAABBCFAKEC0" |
| ssh_authorized_key | SSH public key for user 'core' | "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NZ..." |
| asset_dir | Absolute path to a directory where generated assets should be placed (contains secrets) | "/home/user/.secrets/clusters/tempest" |
#### DNS Zone
Clusters create a DNS A record `${cluster_name}.${dns_zone}` to resolve a network load balancer backed by controller instances. This FQDN is used by workers and `kubectl` to access the apiserver(s). In this example, the cluster's apiserver would be accessible at `tempest.aws.example.com`.
You'll need a registered domain name or delegated subdomain on AWS Route53. You can set this up once and create many clusters with unique names.
```tf
resource "aws_route53_zone" "zone-for-clusters" {
name = "aws.example.com."
}
```
Reference the DNS zone id with `"${aws_route53_zone.zone-for-clusters.zone_id}"`.
!!! tip ""
If you have an existing domain name with a zone file elsewhere, just delegate a subdomain that can be managed on Route53 (e.g. aws.mydomain.com) and [update nameservers](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/DeveloperGuide/SOA-NSrecords.html).
### Optional
| Name | Description | Default | Example |
|:-----|:------------|:--------|:--------|
| controller_count | Number of controllers (i.e. masters) | 1 | 1 |
| worker_count | Number of workers | 1 | 3 |
| controller_type | EC2 instance type for controllers | "t3.small" | See below |
| worker_type | EC2 instance type for workers | "t3.small" | See below |
| os_image | AMI channel for Fedora CoreOS | not yet used | ? |
| disk_size | Size of the EBS volume in GB | "40" | "100" |
| disk_type | Type of the EBS volume | "gp2" | standard, gp2, io1 |
| disk_iops | IOPS of the EBS volume | "0" (i.e. auto) | "400" |
| worker_target_groups | Target group ARNs to which worker instances should be added | [] | ["${aws_lb_target_group.app.id}"] |
| worker_price | Spot price in USD for workers. Leave as default empty string for regular on-demand instances | "" | "0.10" |
| controller_snippets | Controller Fedora CoreOS Config snippets | [] | UNSUPPORTED |
| worker_clc_snippets | Worker Fedora CoreOS Config snippets | [] | UNSUPPORTED |
| networking | Choice of networking provider | "calico" | "calico" or "flannel" |
| network_mtu | CNI interface MTU (calico only) | 1480 | 8981 |
| host_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to EC2 instances | "10.0.0.0/16" | "10.1.0.0/16" |
| pod_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to Kubernetes pods | "10.2.0.0/16" | "10.22.0.0/16" |
| service_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to Kubernetes services | "10.3.0.0/16" | "10.3.0.0/24" |
| cluster_domain_suffix | FQDN suffix for Kubernetes services answered by coredns. | "cluster.local" | "k8s.example.com" |
Check the list of valid [instance types](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/).
!!! warning
Do not choose a `controller_type` smaller than `t2.small`. Smaller instances are not sufficient for running a controller.
!!! tip "MTU"
If your EC2 instance type supports [Jumbo frames](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/network_mtu.html#jumbo_frame_instances) (most do), we recommend you change the `network_mtu` to 8981! You will get better pod-to-pod bandwidth.
#### Spot
Add `worker_price = "0.10"` to use spot instance workers (instead of "on-demand") and set a maximum spot price in USD. Clusters can tolerate spot market interuptions fairly well (reschedules pods, but cannot drain) to save money, with the tradeoff that requests for workers may go unfulfilled.

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# Bare-Metal
!!! danger
Typhoon for Fedora CoreOS is an early preview! Fedora CoreOS itself is a preview! Expect bugs and design shifts. Please help both projects solve problems. Report Fedora CoreOS bugs to [Fedora](https://github.com/coreos/fedora-coreos-tracker/issues). Report Typhoon issues to Typhoon.
In this tutorial, we'll network boot and provision a Kubernetes v1.15.0 cluster on bare-metal with Fedora CoreOS.
First, we'll deploy a [Matchbox](https://github.com/poseidon/matchbox) service and setup a network boot environment. Then, we'll declare a Kubernetes cluster using the Typhoon Terraform module and power on machines. On PXE boot, machines will install Fedora CoreOS to disk, reboot into the disk install, and provision themselves as Kubernetes controllers or workers via Ignition.
Controllers are provisioned to run an `etcd-member` peer and a `kubelet` service. Workers run just a `kubelet` service. A one-time [bootkube](https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/bootkube) bootstrap schedules the `apiserver`, `scheduler`, `controller-manager`, and `coredns` on controllers and schedules `kube-proxy` and `calico` (or `flannel`) on every node. A generated `kubeconfig` provides `kubectl` access to the cluster.
## Requirements
* Machines with 2GB RAM, 30GB disk, PXE-enabled NIC, IPMI
* PXE-enabled [network boot](https://coreos.com/matchbox/docs/latest/network-setup.html) environment (with HTTPS support)
* Matchbox v0.6+ deployment with API enabled
* Matchbox credentials `client.crt`, `client.key`, `ca.crt`
* Terraform v0.12.x, [terraform-provider-matchbox](https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-matchbox), and [terraform-provider-ct](https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-ct) installed locally
## Machines
Collect a MAC address from each machine. For machines with multiple PXE-enabled NICs, pick one of the MAC addresses. MAC addresses will be used to match machines to profiles during network boot.
* 52:54:00:a1:9c:ae (node1)
* 52:54:00:b2:2f:86 (node2)
* 52:54:00:c3:61:77 (node3)
Configure each machine to boot from the disk through IPMI or the BIOS menu.
```
ipmitool -H node1 -U USER -P PASS chassis bootdev disk options=persistent
```
During provisioning, you'll explicitly set the boot device to `pxe` for the next boot only. Machines will install (overwrite) the operating system to disk on PXE boot and reboot into the disk install.
!!! tip ""
Ask your hardware vendor to provide MACs and preconfigure IPMI, if possible. With it, you can rack new servers, `terraform apply` with new info, and power on machines that network boot and provision into clusters.
## DNS
Create a DNS A (or AAAA) record for each node's default interface. Create a record that resolves to each controller node (or re-use the node record if there's one controller).
* node1.example.com (node1)
* node2.example.com (node2)
* node3.example.com (node3)
* myk8s.example.com (node1)
Cluster nodes will be configured to refer to the control plane and themselves by these fully qualified names and they'll be used in generated TLS certificates.
## Matchbox
Matchbox is an open-source app that matches network-booted bare-metal machines (based on labels like MAC, UUID, etc.) to profiles to automate cluster provisioning.
Install Matchbox on a Kubernetes cluster or dedicated server.
* Installing on [Kubernetes](https://coreos.com/matchbox/docs/latest/deployment.html#kubernetes) (recommended)
* Installing on a [server](https://coreos.com/matchbox/docs/latest/deployment.html#download)
!!! tip
Deploy Matchbox as service that can be accessed by all of your bare-metal machines globally. This provides a single endpoint to use Terraform to manage bare-metal clusters at different sites. Typhoon will never include secrets in provisioning user-data so you may even deploy matchbox publicly.
Matchbox provides a TLS client-authenticated API that clients, like Terraform, can use to manage machine matching and profiles. Think of it like a cloud provider API, but for creating bare-metal instances.
[Generate TLS](https://coreos.com/matchbox/docs/latest/deployment.html#generate-tls-certificates) client credentials. Save the `ca.crt`, `client.crt`, and `client.key` where they can be referenced in Terraform configs.
```sh
mv ca.crt client.crt client.key ~/.config/matchbox/
```
Verify the matchbox read-only HTTP endpoints are accessible (port is configurable).
```sh
$ curl http://matchbox.example.com:8080
matchbox
```
Verify your TLS client certificate and key can be used to access the Matchbox API (port is configurable).
```sh
$ openssl s_client -connect matchbox.example.com:8081 \
-CAfile ~/.config/matchbox/ca.crt \
-cert ~/.config/matchbox/client.crt \
-key ~/.config/matchbox/client.key
```
## PXE Environment
Create an iPXE-enabled network boot environment. Configure PXE clients to chainload [iPXE](http://ipxe.org/cmd) firmware compiled to support [HTTPS downloads](https://ipxe.org/crypto). Instruct iPXE clients to chainload from your Matchbox service's `/boot.ipxe` endpoint.
For networks already supporting iPXE clients, you can add a `default.ipxe` config.
```ini
# /var/www/html/ipxe/default.ipxe
chain http://matchbox.foo:8080/boot.ipxe
```
For networks with Ubiquiti Routers, you can [configure the router](/topics/hardware/#ubiquiti) itself to chainload machines to iPXE and Matchbox.
Read about the [many ways](https://coreos.com/matchbox/docs/latest/network-setup.html) to setup a compliant iPXE-enabled network. There is quite a bit of flexibility:
* Continue using existing DHCP, TFTP, or DNS services
* Configure specific machines, subnets, or architectures to chainload from Matchbox
* Place Matchbox behind a menu entry (timeout and default to Matchbox)
!!! note ""
TFTP chainloading to modern boot firmware, like iPXE, avoids issues with old NICs and allows faster transfer protocols like HTTP to be used.
!!! warning
Compile iPXE from [source](https://github.com/ipxe/ipxe) with support for [HTTPS downloads](https://ipxe.org/crypto). iPXE's pre-built firmware binaries do not enable this. If you cannot enable HTTPS downloads, set `download_protocol = "http"` (discouraged).
## Terraform Setup
Install [Terraform](https://www.terraform.io/downloads.html) v0.12.x on your system.
```sh
$ terraform version
Terraform v0.12.2
```
Add the [terraform-provider-matchbox](https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-matchbox) plugin binary for your system to `~/.terraform.d/plugins/`, noting the final name.
```sh
wget https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-matchbox/releases/download/v0.3.0/terraform-provider-matchbox-v0.3.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xzf terraform-provider-matchbox-v0.3.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv terraform-provider-matchbox-v0.3.0-linux-amd64/terraform-provider-matchbox ~/.terraform.d/plugins/terraform-provider-matchbox_v0.3.0
```
Add the [terraform-provider-ct](https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-ct) plugin binary for your system to `~/.terraform.d/plugins/`, noting the final name.
```sh
wget https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-ct/releases/download/v0.4.0/terraform-provider-ct-v0.4.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xzf terraform-provider-ct-v0.4.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv terraform-provider-ct-v0.4.0-linux-amd64/terraform-provider-ct ~/.terraform.d/plugins/terraform-provider-ct_v0.4.0
```
Read [concepts](/architecture/concepts/) to learn about Terraform, modules, and organizing resources. Change to your infrastructure repository (e.g. `infra`).
```
cd infra/clusters
```
## Provider
Configure the Matchbox provider to use your Matchbox API endpoint and client certificate in a `providers.tf` file.
```tf
provider "matchbox" {
version = "0.3.0"
endpoint = "matchbox.example.com:8081"
client_cert = "${file("~/.config/matchbox/client.crt")}"
client_key = "${file("~/.config/matchbox/client.key")}"
ca = "${file("~/.config/matchbox/ca.crt")}"
}
provider "ct" {
version = "0.4.0"
}
```
## Cluster
Define a Kubernetes cluster using the module `bare-metal/fedora-coreos/kubernetes`.
```tf
module "bare-metal-mercury" {
source = "git::https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon//bare-metal/fedora-coreos/kubernetes?ref=DEVELOPMENT_SHA"
# bare-metal
cluster_name = "mercury"
matchbox_http_endpoint = "http://matchbox.example.com"
os_stream = "testing"
os_version = "30.20190716.1"
cached_install = false
# configuration
k8s_domain_name = "node1.example.com"
ssh_authorized_key = "ssh-rsa AAAAB3Nz..."
asset_dir = "/home/user/.secrets/clusters/mercury"
# machines
controller_names = ["node1"]
controller_macs = ["52:54:00:a1:9c:ae"]
controller_domains = ["node1.example.com"]
worker_names = [
"node2",
"node3",
]
worker_macs = [
"52:54:00:b2:2f:86",
"52:54:00:c3:61:77",
]
worker_domains = [
"node2.example.com",
"node3.example.com",
]
}
```
Reference the [variables docs](#variables) or the [variables.tf](https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon/blob/master/bare-metal/fedora-coreos/kubernetes/variables.tf) source.
## ssh-agent
Initial bootstrapping requires `bootkube.service` be started on one controller node. Terraform uses `ssh-agent` to automate this step. Add your SSH private key to `ssh-agent`.
```sh
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
ssh-add -L
```
## Apply
Initialize the config directory if this is the first use with Terraform.
```sh
terraform init
```
Plan the resources to be created.
```sh
$ terraform plan
Plan: 55 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
```
Apply the changes. Terraform will generate bootkube assets to `asset_dir` and create Matchbox profiles (e.g. controller, worker) and matching rules via the Matchbox API.
```sh
$ terraform apply
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.copy-kubeconfig.0: Provisioning with 'file'...
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.copy-etcd-secrets.0: Provisioning with 'file'...
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.copy-kubeconfig.0: Still creating... (10s elapsed)
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.copy-etcd-secrets.0: Still creating... (10s elapsed)
...
```
Apply will then loop until it can successfully copy credentials to each machine and start the one-time Kubernetes bootstrap service. Proceed to the next step while this loops.
### Power
Power on each machine with the boot device set to `pxe` for the next boot only.
```sh
ipmitool -H node1.example.com -U USER -P PASS chassis bootdev pxe
ipmitool -H node1.example.com -U USER -P PASS power on
```
Machines will network boot, install Fedora CoreOS to disk, reboot into the disk install, and provision themselves as controllers or workers.
!!! tip ""
If this is the first test of your PXE-enabled network boot environment, watch the SOL console of a machine to spot any misconfigurations.
### Bootstrap
Wait for the `bootkube-start` step to finish bootstrapping the Kubernetes control plane. This may take 5-15 minutes depending on your network.
```
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.bootkube-start: Still creating... (6m10s elapsed)
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.bootkube-start: Still creating... (6m20s elapsed)
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.bootkube-start: Still creating... (6m30s elapsed)
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.bootkube-start: Still creating... (6m40s elapsed)
module.bare-metal-mercury.null_resource.bootkube-start: Creation complete (ID: 5441741360626669024)
Apply complete! Resources: 55 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.
```
To watch the bootstrap process in detail, SSH to the first controller and journal the logs.
```
$ ssh core@node1.example.com
$ journalctl -f -u bootkube
bootkube[5]: Pod Status: pod-checkpointer Running
bootkube[5]: Pod Status: kube-apiserver Running
bootkube[5]: Pod Status: kube-scheduler Running
bootkube[5]: Pod Status: kube-controller-manager Running
bootkube[5]: All self-hosted control plane components successfully started
bootkube[5]: Tearing down temporary bootstrap control plane...
```
## Verify
[Install kubectl](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/) on your system. Use the generated `kubeconfig` credentials to access the Kubernetes cluster and list nodes.
```
$ export KUBECONFIG=/home/user/.secrets/clusters/mercury/auth/kubeconfig
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
node1.example.com Ready controller,master 10m v1.15.0
node2.example.com Ready node 10m v1.15.0
node3.example.com Ready node 10m v1.15.0
```
List the pods.
```
$ kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system calico-node-6qp7f 2/2 Running 1 11m
kube-system calico-node-gnjrm 2/2 Running 0 11m
kube-system calico-node-llbgt 2/2 Running 0 11m
kube-system coredns-1187388186-dj3pd 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system coredns-1187388186-mx9rt 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system kube-apiserver-7336w 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-3271970485-b9chx 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-3271970485-v30js 1/1 Running 1 11m
kube-system kube-proxy-50sd4 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system kube-proxy-bczhp 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system kube-proxy-mp2fw 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system kube-scheduler-3895335239-fd3l7 1/1 Running 1 11m
kube-system kube-scheduler-3895335239-hfjv0 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system pod-checkpointer-wf65d 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-system pod-checkpointer-wf65d-node1.example.com 1/1 Running 0 11m
```
## Going Further
Learn about [maintenance](/topics/maintenance/) and [addons](/addons/overview/).
## Variables
Check the [variables.tf](https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon/blob/master/bare-metal/fedora-coreos/kubernetes/variables.tf) source.
### Required
| Name | Description | Example |
|:-----|:------------|:--------|
| cluster_name | Unique cluster name | mercury |
| matchbox_http_endpoint | Matchbox HTTP read-only endpoint | http://matchbox.example.com:port |
| os_stream | Fedora CoreOS release stream | testing |
| os_version | Fedora CoreOS version to PXE and install | 30.20190716.1 |
| k8s_domain_name | FQDN resolving to the controller(s) nodes. Workers and kubectl will communicate with this endpoint | "myk8s.example.com" |
| ssh_authorized_key | SSH public key for user 'core' | "ssh-rsa AAAAB3Nz..." |
| asset_dir | Absolute path to a directory where generated assets should be placed (contains secrets) | "/home/user/.secrets/clusters/mercury" |
| controller_names | Ordered list of controller short names | ["node1"] |
| controller_macs | Ordered list of controller identifying MAC addresses | ["52:54:00:a1:9c:ae"] |
| controller_domains | Ordered list of controller FQDNs | ["node1.example.com"] |
| worker_names | Ordered list of worker short names | ["node2", "node3"] |
| worker_macs | Ordered list of worker identifying MAC addresses | ["52:54:00:b2:2f:86", "52:54:00:c3:61:77"] |
| worker_domains | Ordered list of worker FQDNs | ["node2.example.com", "node3.example.com"] |
### Optional
| Name | Description | Default | Example |
|:-----|:------------|:--------|:--------|
| cached_install | PXE boot and install from the Matchbox `/assets` cache. Admin MUST have downloaded Fedora CoreOS images into the cache | false | true |
| install_disk | Disk device where Fedora CoreOS should be installed | "sda" (not "/dev/sda" like Container Linux) | "sdb" |
| networking | Choice of networking provider | "calico" | "calico" or "flannel" |
| network_mtu | CNI interface MTU (calico-only) | 1480 | - |
| snippets | Map from machine names to lists of Fedora CoreOS Config snippets | {} | UNSUPPORTED |
| network_ip_autodetection_method | Method to detect host IPv4 address (calico-only) | first-found | can-reach=10.0.0.1 |
| pod_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to Kubernetes pods | "10.2.0.0/16" | "10.22.0.0/16" |
| service_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to Kubernetes services | "10.3.0.0/16" | "10.3.0.0/24" |
| cluster_domain_suffix | FQDN suffix for Kubernetes services answered by coredns. | "cluster.local" | "k8s.example.com" |
| kernel_args | Additional kernel args to provide at PXE boot | [] | "kvm-intel.nested=1" |

7
docs/index.md
View File

@ -29,6 +29,13 @@ Typhoon provides a Terraform Module for each supported operating system and plat
| Digital Ocean | Container Linux | [digital-ocean/container-linux/kubernetes](cl/digital-ocean.md) | beta |
| Google Cloud | Container Linux | [google-cloud/container-linux/kubernetes](cl/google-cloud.md) | stable |
A preview of Typhoon for [Fedora CoreOS](https://getfedora.org/coreos/) is available for testing.
| Platform | Operating System | Terraform Module | Status |
|---------------|------------------|------------------|--------|
| AWS | Fedora CoreOS | [aws/fedora-coreos/kubernetes](aws/fedora-coreos/kubernetes) | preview |
| Bare-Metal | Fedora CoreOS | [bare-metal/fedora-coreos/kubernetes](bare-metal/fedora-coreos/kubernetes) | preview |
## Documentation
* Architecture [concepts](architecture/concepts.md) and [operating-systems](architecture/operating-systems.md)

3
mkdocs.yml
View File

@ -59,6 +59,9 @@ nav:
- 'Bare-Metal': 'cl/bare-metal.md'
- 'Digital Ocean': 'cl/digital-ocean.md'
- 'Google Cloud': 'cl/google-cloud.md'
- 'Fedora CoreOS':
- 'AWS': 'fedora-coreos/aws.md'
- 'Bare-Metal': 'fedora-coreos/bare-metal.md'
- 'Topics':
- 'Maintenance': 'topics/maintenance.md'
- 'Hardware': 'topics/hardware.md'