ajout de doc sur les méta classes
This commit is contained in:
parent
ad27c7704e
commit
dd4f04fa56
|
@ -380,3 +380,73 @@ autre exemple : les méthodes statiques
|
|||
... # do stuff here
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
métaclasses
|
||||
-----------------
|
||||
|
||||
>>> class A:
|
||||
... pass
|
||||
...
|
||||
>>> type(A)
|
||||
<type 'classobj'>
|
||||
>>> class B(object): pass
|
||||
...
|
||||
>>> type(B)
|
||||
<type 'type'>
|
||||
>>> help(type)
|
||||
|
||||
>>> C = type('C', (), {})
|
||||
>>> C
|
||||
<class '__main__.C'>
|
||||
>>>
|
||||
|
||||
>>> type(object)
|
||||
<type 'type'>
|
||||
>>> type(type)
|
||||
<type 'type'>
|
||||
>>> isinstance(type, object)
|
||||
True
|
||||
>>> isinstance(object, type)
|
||||
True
|
||||
>>>
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
class MaMetaClasse(type):
|
||||
"""Exemple d'une métaclasse."""
|
||||
def __new__(metacls, nom, bases, dict):
|
||||
"""Création de notre classe."""
|
||||
print("On crée la classe {}".format(nom))
|
||||
return type.__new__(metacls, nom, bases, dict)
|
||||
|
||||
class MaClasse(object):
|
||||
__metaclass__ = MaMetaClasse
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
exemple : forcer l'implémentation d'un singleton avec les métaclasses
|
||||
|
||||
::
|
||||
|
||||
class Singleton(type):
|
||||
instance = None
|
||||
def __call__(cls, *args, **kw):
|
||||
if not cls.instance:
|
||||
cls.instance = super(Singleton, cls).__call__(*args, **kw)
|
||||
return cls.instance
|
||||
|
||||
class ASingleton(object):
|
||||
__metaclass__ = Singleton
|
||||
|
||||
a = ASingleton()
|
||||
b = ASingleton()
|
||||
assert a is b
|
||||
print(a.__class__.__name__, b.__class__.__name__)
|
||||
|
||||
class BSingleton(object):
|
||||
__metaclass__ = Singleton
|
||||
|
||||
c = BSingleton()
|
||||
d = BSingleton()
|
||||
assert c is d
|
||||
print(c.__class__.__name__, d.__class__.__name__)
|
||||
assert c is not a
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue