ajout de doc sur les classes et les objets

This commit is contained in:
gwen 2015-06-04 09:58:51 +02:00 committed by Benjamin Bohard
parent 5b42326506
commit ad27c7704e

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@ -72,6 +72,124 @@ possibilité en python d'héritage multiple::
class A(B, C): pass
attribut d'objets et de classes
----------------------------------
>>> o = object()
>>> o
<object object at 0x7f77c9cda0d0>
>>> class C(object): pass
...
>>> class C: pass
...
>>> c = C()
>>> c.a = 3
>>> c.a
3
>>> vars(c)
{'a': 3}
>>> c.__dict__
{'a': 3}
>>> C.__dict__
{'__module__': '__main__', '__doc__': None}
>>> C.c = 5
>>> C.__dict__
{'c': 5, '__module__': '__main__', '__doc__': None}
>>> c.c
5
>>> c.z = 3
>>> c.z
3
>>> c.__dict__
{'a': 3, 'z': 3}
>>> C.__dict__
{'c': 5, '__module__': '__main__', '__doc__': None}
>>> class MaKlass:
... def unefonction(self, x):
... print x
...
>>> MaKlass.__dict__
{'__module__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, 'unefonction': <function unefonction at 0x7f77c5b0c488>}
>>> k = MaKlass()
>>> k.__dict__
{}
>>> def autrefonc(self, x)
File "<stdin>", line 1
def autrefonc(self, x)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> def autrefonc(self, x):
... print x
...
>>> k.autrefonc = autrefonc
>>> k.__dict__
{'autrefonc': <function autrefonc at 0x7f77c5b0c500>}
>>> MaKlass.__dict__
{'__module__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, 'unefonction': <function unefonction at 0x7f77c5b0c488>}
>>> MaKlass.unefonction(k, "toto")
toto
>>> k.unefonction("toto")
toto
>>> k.__dict__
{'autrefonc': <function autrefonc at 0x7f77c5b0c500>}
>>> MaKlass.toto = "test"
>>> k.__dict__
{'autrefonc': <function autrefonc at 0x7f77c5b0c500>}
>>> k.toto
'test'
>>>
le __dict__ avec l'héritage de classe
-------------------------------------------
>>> class A(object): pass
...
>>> A.__dict__
dict_proxy({'__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'A' objects>, '__module__': '__main__', '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'A' objects>, '__doc__': None})
>>> class B(A):
... b = 3
...
>>> class C(B):
... c = 2
...
>>> c = C()
>>> o = C()
>>> o.__dict__
{}
>>> o.c
2
>>> o.b
3
>>> o.__class__
<class '__main__.C'>
>>> o.__class__.__dict__
dict_proxy({'__module__': '__main__', 'c': 2, '__doc__': None})
>>>
method resolution object
-----------------------------
>>> class A(object): pass
...
>>> A.__mro__
(<class '__main__.A'>, <type 'object'>)
>>> class B(A): pass
...
>>> B.__mro__
(<class '__main__.B'>, <class '__main__.A'>, <type 'object'>)
>>> class C(A, B): pass
...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
Cannot create a consistent method resolution
order (MRO) for bases A, B
>>>
introspection contre encapsulation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~