We'll declare a Kubernetes cluster using the Typhoon Terraform module. Then apply the changes to create a network, firewall rules, health checks, controller instances, worker managed instance group, load balancers, and TLS assets.
Controller hosts are provisioned to run an `etcd-member` peer and a `kubelet` service. Worker hosts run a `kubelet` service. Controller nodes run `kube-apiserver`, `kube-scheduler`, `kube-controller-manager`, and `coredns`, while `kube-proxy` and `calico` (or `flannel`) run on every node. A generated `kubeconfig` provides `kubectl` access to the cluster.
## Requirements
* Google Cloud Account and Service Account
* Google Cloud DNS Zone (registered Domain Name or delegated subdomain)
* Terraform v0.12.6+ and [terraform-provider-ct](https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-ct) installed locally
## Terraform Setup
Install [Terraform](https://www.terraform.io/downloads.html) v0.12.6+ on your system.
Add the [terraform-provider-ct](https://github.com/poseidon/terraform-provider-ct) plugin binary for your system to `~/.terraform.d/plugins/`, noting the final name.
Read [concepts](/architecture/concepts/) to learn about Terraform, modules, and organizing resources. Change to your infrastructure repository (e.g. `infra`).
```
cd infra/clusters
```
## Provider
Login to your Google Console [API Manager](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/dashboard) and select a project, or [signup](https://cloud.google.com/free/) if you don't have an account.
Select "Credentials" and create a service account key. Choose the "Compute Engine Admin" and "DNS Administrator" roles and save the JSON private key to a file that can be referenced in configs.
Additional configuration options are described in the `google` provider [docs](https://www.terraform.io/docs/providers/google/index.html).
!!! tip
Regions are listed in [docs](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/regions-zones/regions-zones) or with `gcloud compute regions list`. A project may contain multiple clusters across different regions.
## Cluster
Define a Kubernetes cluster using the module `google-cloud/fedora-coreos/kubernetes`.
Reference the [variables docs](#variables) or the [variables.tf](https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon/blob/master/google-cloud/fedora-coreos/kubernetes/variables.tf) source.
Initial bootstrapping requires `bootstrap.service` be started on one controller node. Terraform uses `ssh-agent` to automate this step. Add your SSH private key to `ssh-agent`.
```sh
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
ssh-add -L
```
## Apply
Initialize the config directory if this is the first use with Terraform.
```sh
terraform init
```
Plan the resources to be created.
```sh
$ terraform plan
Plan: 64 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
```
Apply the changes to create the cluster.
```sh
$ terraform apply
module.yavin.null_resource.bootstrap: Still creating... (10s elapsed)
...
module.yavin.null_resource.bootstrap: Still creating... (5m30s elapsed)
module.yavin.null_resource.bootstrap: Still creating... (5m40s elapsed)
In 4-8 minutes, the Kubernetes cluster will be ready.
## Verify
[Install kubectl](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/) on your system. Obtain the generated cluster `kubeconfig` from module outputs (e.g. write to a local file).
| cluster_name | Unique cluster name (prepended to dns_zone) | "yavin" |
| region | Google Cloud region | "us-central1" |
| dns_zone | Google Cloud DNS zone | "google-cloud.example.com" |
| dns_zone_name | Google Cloud DNS zone name | "example-zone" |
| ssh_authorized_key | SSH public key for user 'core' | "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NZ..." |
Check the list of valid [regions](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/regions-zones/regions-zones) and list Fedora CoreOS [images](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images) with `gcloud compute images list | grep fedora-coreos`.
#### DNS Zone
Clusters create a DNS A record `${cluster_name}.${dns_zone}` to resolve a TCP proxy load balancer backed by controller instances. This FQDN is used by workers and `kubectl` to access the apiserver(s). In this example, the cluster's apiserver would be accessible at `yavin.google-cloud.example.com`.
You'll need a registered domain name or delegated subdomain on Google Cloud DNS. You can set this up once and create many clusters with unique names.
If you have an existing domain name with a zone file elsewhere, just delegate a subdomain that can be managed on Google Cloud (e.g. google-cloud.mydomain.com) and [update nameservers](https://cloud.google.com/dns/update-name-servers).
### Optional
| Name | Description | Default | Example |
|:-----|:------------|:--------|:--------|
| controller_count | Number of controllers (i.e. masters) | 1 | 3 |
| worker_count | Number of workers | 1 | 3 |
| controller_type | Machine type for controllers | "n1-standard-1" | See below |
| worker_type | Machine type for workers | "n1-standard-1" | See below |
| networking | Choice of networking provider | "calico" | "calico" or "flannel" |
| pod_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to Kubernetes pods | "10.2.0.0/16" | "10.22.0.0/16" |
| service_cidr | CIDR IPv4 range to assign to Kubernetes services | "10.3.0.0/16" | "10.3.0.0/24" |
| worker_node_labels | List of initial worker node labels | [] | ["worker-pool=default"] |
Check the list of valid [machine types](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types).
#### Preemption
Add `worker_preemptible = "true"` to allow worker nodes to be [preempted](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/preemptible) at random, but pay [significantly](https://cloud.google.com/compute/pricing) less. Clusters tolerate stopping instances fairly well (reschedules pods, but cannot drain) and preemption provides a nice reward for running fault-tolerant cluster systems.`
